In rat tendon studies, administration accelerated outgrowth, fibroblast migration, and post-injury cellular survival (PMID 21030672)
Seek immediate emergency care for chest pain lasting more than a few minutes, pain radiating to the arm, jaw, neck, or back, or chest discomfort accompanied by shortness of breath, sweating, nausea, or lightheadedness
However, GLP-1's very short half-life, arising from cleavage by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) and glomerular filtration by the kidneys, presented challenges for clinical use
N Engl J Med 383(15):14131424 Bhatt DL, Szarek M, Steg PG, Cannon CP, Leiter LA, McGuire DK, Lewis JB, Riddle MC, Voors AA, Metra M, Lund LH, Komajda M, Testani JM, Wilcox CS, Ponikowski P, Lopes RD, Verma S, Lapuerta P, Pitt B (2021) SOLOIST-WHF Trial Investigators
Guy CA et al
Regular monitoring and prompt reporting of symptoms to healthcare providers remain essential safeguards against this severe complication of metformin therapy