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Rather than engaging a single high-affinity receptor, the pentadecapeptide modulates multiple intersecting cellular pathways including nitric oxide system signalling, growth-factor receptor expression (notably VEGF receptor 2 and growth-hormone receptor), dopamine and serotonin pathway markers, and angiogenic factor regulation
While injections are still popular for systemic issues, oral Arg-BPC-157 (the Arginate salt form) has been shown to be nearly as effective for systemic healing and more effective for gut-related issues [4, 8]
Since 1992, there have been over 100 published studies of BPC-157 and plenty of research in rats
Can I use tap or distilled water
Cytoprotective mechanism of the novel gastric peptide BPC157 in gastrointestinal tract and cultured enteric neurons and glial cells