In preclinical and cell culture research, KPV demonstrates suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1, and TNF- through melanocortin receptor pathway activation
Isaacson, M.D., and Jonathan Isaacson, M.D
10.1002/ijc.23131 22 MotzerR
And unlike other molecules in longevity science, its been tested across an unusually broad range of models: from fruit flies to non-human primates, and from human fibroblasts to frog embryos
doi: 10.1006/abbi.1997.0486 23 UhlnMFagerbergLHallstrmBMLindskogCOksvoldPMardinogluAet al
One key reason could be the decline in your bodys natural production of CoQ10 , a coenzyme essential for energy production