A Phase I safety study and a Phase II ulcerative colitis trial of the BPC-157 formulation PL 14736 were conducted by the Croatian pharmaceutical company Pliva, but full peer-reviewed Phase II efficacy results have not been published
A 2016 comparative study published in Nature Scientific Reports demonstrated that GHK-Cu produced no cytotoxicity to human keratinocytes at concentrations up to 5,800 micromolar over 72 hours and did not induce inflammatory biomarkers, unlike other copper compounds tested alongside it
The human gamma-glutamyltransferase gene family
It also has anti-inflammatory properties that help calm the skin and reduce oxidative damage
Choose Oral BPC-157 If Youre Focused On: Healing leaky gut, gastritis, or IBS Reducing food sensitivities and inflammation Supporting gut-brain balance and mood Improving digestion or post-antibiotic recovery Maintaining results after an injectable series Choose Injectable BPC-157 If Youre Focused On: Accelerating tissue and tendon healing Recovering from injury or surgery Enhancing athletic performance and recovery Reducing systemic inflammation and oxidative stress Pairing with other injectable peptides for comprehensive regeneration Some patients even combine both forms using oral BPC-157 to support gastrointestinal health while taking injectables for systemic repair
Patients often see results within 4-8 weeks of beginning a GHK copper peptide routine