doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2018.04.034 Koloski NA, Jones M, Talley NJ
It is essential to be clear: the human safety data for injectable, oral, or high-dose systemic GHK-Cu is essentially absent

Three things make PDRN a strong alternative for users disappointed by copper peptides: It signals regeneration through a different pathway, so it does not produce the same inflammatory adjustment phase that drives the copper uglies It has fewer documented interactions with other actives, which makes it easier to fit into an existing routine It is generally well tolerated even by sensitive skin, and pregnancy precautions are less restrictive (though pregnant or breastfeeding users should still consult a doctor before adding any new active) The people who tend to do well on PDRN after a bad copper peptide experience usually fit one of three profiles: sensitive-skin users who could never tolerate the copper uglies, users who want regenerative benefits without managing strict layering rules, and users whose primary concern is repair and resilience rather than aggressive remodelling
J Thromb Haemost 14(7):14421452
The peptide addresses cellular repair mechanisms while physical therapy addresses the motor control and strength deficits that contribute to re-injury risk
Researched effects DSIP's name comes from 1970s animal studies (rabbit, cat, rat) that reported increases in delta (slow-wave) EEG activity after administration